clip-path
Baseline Widely available
This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since January 2021.
clip-path
CSS 属性使用裁剪方式创建元素的可显示区域。区域内的部分显示,区域外的隐藏。
尝试一下
语法
/* Keyword values */
clip-path: none;
/* <clip-source> values */
clip-path: url(resources.svg#c1);
/* <geometry-box> values */
clip-path: margin-box;
clip-path: border-box;
clip-path: padding-box;
clip-path: content-box;
clip-path: fill-box;
clip-path: stroke-box;
clip-path: view-box;
/* <basic-shape> values */
clip-path: inset(100px 50px);
clip-path: circle(50px at 0 100px);
clip-path: ellipse(50px 60px at 10% 20%);
clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 100% 50%, 50% 100%, 0% 50%);
clip-path: path(
"M0.5,1 C0.5,1,0,0.7,0,0.3 A0.25,0.25,1,1,1,0.5,0.3 A0.25,0.25,1,1,1,1,0.3 C1,0.7,0.5,1,0.5,1 Z"
);
/* Box and shape values combined */
clip-path: padding-box circle(50px at 0 100px);
/* Global values */
clip-path: inherit;
clip-path: initial;
clip-path: revert;
clip-path: revert-layer;
clip-path: unset;
clip-path
属性指定为下面列出的值的一个或多个值的组合。
取值
<clip-source>
-
用
<url>
引用 SVG 的<clipPath>
元素 <basic-shape>
-
一种形状,其大小和位置由
<geometry-box>
的值定义。如果没有指定<geometry-box>
,则将使用border-box
用为参考框。取值可为以下值中的任意一个: <geometry-box>
-
如果同
<basic-shape>
一起声明,它将为基本形状提供相应的参考框盒。通过自定义,它将利用确定的盒子边缘包括任何形状边角(比如说,被border-radius
定义的剪切路径)。几何框盒可以有以下的值中的一个:margin-box
-
使用 margin box 作为引用框。
border-box
-
使用 border box 作为引用框。
padding-box
-
使用 padding box 作为引用框。
content-box
-
使用 content box 作为引用框。
fill-box
-
利用对象边界框(object bounding box)作为引用框。
stroke-box
-
使用笔触边界框(stroke bounding box)作为引用框。
view-box
-
使用最近的 SVG 视口(viewport)作为引用框。如果
viewBox
属性被指定来为元素创建 SVG 视口,引用框将会被定位在坐标系的原点,引用框位于由viewBox
属性建立的坐标系的原点,引用框的尺寸用来设置viewBox
属性的宽高值。
none
-
不创建剪切路径。
形式定义
初始值 | none |
---|---|
适用元素 | all elements; In SVG, it applies to container elements excluding the <defs> element and all graphics elements |
是否是继承属性 | 否 |
Percentages | refer to reference box when specified, otherwise border-box |
计算值 | as specified, but with <url> values made absolute |
动画类型 | yes, as specified for <basic-shape> , otherwise no |
形式语法
clip-path =
<clip-source> |
[ <basic-shape> || <geometry-box> ] |
none
<clip-source> =
<url>
<geometry-box> =
<shape-box> |
fill-box |
stroke-box |
view-box
<url> =
<url()> |
<src()>
<shape-box> =
<visual-box> |
margin-box
<url()> =
url( <string> <url-modifier>* ) |
<url-token>
<src()> =
src( <string> <url-modifier>* )
<visual-box> =
content-box |
padding-box |
border-box
示例
HTML 与 SVG 之间的对比
html,
body {
height: 100%;
box-sizing: border-box;
background: #eee;
}
.grid {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
display: flex;
font: 1em monospace;
}
.row {
display: flex;
flex: 1 auto;
flex-direction: row;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.col {
flex: 1 auto;
}
.cell {
margin: 0.5em;
padding: 0.5em;
background-color: #fff;
overflow: hidden;
text-align: center;
flex: 1;
}
.note {
background: #fff3d4;
padding: 1em;
margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0;
font: 0.8em sans-serif;
text-align: left;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.note + .row .cell {
margin-top: 0;
}
.container {
display: inline-block;
border: 1px dotted grey;
position: relative;
}
.container:before {
content: "margin";
position: absolute;
top: 2px;
left: 2px;
font: italic 0.6em sans-serif;
}
.viewbox {
box-shadow:
1rem 1rem 0 #efefef inset,
-1rem -1rem 0 #efefef inset;
}
.container.viewbox:after {
content: "viewbox";
position: absolute;
left: 1.1rem;
top: 1.1rem;
font: italic 0.6em sans-serif;
}
.cell span {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}
p {
font-family: sans-serif;
background: #000;
color: pink;
margin: 2em;
padding: 3em 1em;
border: 1em solid pink;
width: 6em;
}
.none {
clip-path: none;
}
.svg {
clip-path: url(#myPath);
}
.svg2 {
clip-path: path(
"M15,45 A30,30,0,0,1,75,45 A30,30,0,0,1,135,45 Q135,90,75,130 Q15,90,15,45 Z"
);
}
.shape1 {
clip-path: circle(25%);
}
.shape2 {
clip-path: circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape3 {
clip-path: fill-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape4 {
clip-path: stroke-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape5 {
clip-path: view-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape6 {
clip-path: margin-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape7 {
clip-path: border-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape8 {
clip-path: padding-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape9 {
clip-path: content-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.defs {
width: 0;
height: 0;
margin: 0;
}
pre {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
svg {
margin: 1em;
font-family: sans-serif;
width: 192px;
height: 192px;
}
svg rect {
stroke: pink;
stroke-width: 16px;
}
svg text {
fill: pink;
text-anchor: middle;
}
svg text.em {
font-style: italic;
}
完整示例
HTML
<img id="clipped" src="mdn.svg" alt="MDN logo" />
<svg height="0" width="0">
<defs>
<clipPath id="cross">
<rect y="110" x="137" width="90" height="90" />
<rect x="0" y="110" width="90" height="90" />
<rect x="137" y="0" width="90" height="90" />
<rect x="0" y="0" width="90" height="90" />
</clipPath>
</defs>
</svg>
<select id="clipPath">
<option value="none">none</option>
<option value="circle(100px at 110px 100px)">circle</option>
<option value="url(#cross)" selected>cross</option>
<option value="inset(20px round 20px)">inset</option>
<option value="path('M 0 200 L 0,110 A 110,90 0,0,1 240,100 L 200 340 z')">
path
</option>
</select>
CSS
#clipped {
margin-bottom: 20px;
clip-path: url(#cross);
}
结果
规范
Specification |
---|
CSS Masking Module Level 1 # the-clip-path |
CSS Shapes Module Level 1 # supported-basic-shapes |
浏览器兼容性
BCD tables only load in the browser