content

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since July 2015.

概要

CSS 的 content CSS 属性用于在元素的 ::before 和 ::after 伪元素中插入内容。使用 content 属性插入的内容都是匿名的可替换元素。

语法

css
/* 不能与其他值组合的关键字 */
content: normal;
content: none;

/* <content-replacement>：<image> 值 */
content: url("http://www.example.com/test.png");
content: linear-gradient(#e66465, #9198e5);
content: image-set("image1x.png" 1x, "image2x.png" 2x);

/* 语音输出：“/”后为替代文本  */
content: url("../img/test.png") / "这是替代文本";

/* <string> 值 */
content: "unparsed text";

/* <counter> 值，后跟可选的 <list-style-type> */
content: counter(chapter_counter);
content: counter(chapter_counter, upper-roman);
content: counters(section_counter, ".");
content: counters(section_counter, ".", decimal-leading-zero);

/* attr() 值会链接到 HTML 属性值 */
content: attr(href);

/* <quote> 值 */
content: open-quote;
content: close-quote;
content: no-open-quote;
content: no-close-quote;

/* <content-list>：content 值的列表。
可以同时使用多个值 */
content: "prefix" url(http://www.example.com/test.png);
content: "prefix" url("/img/test.png") "suffix" / "Alt text";
content: open-quote counter(chapter_counter);

/* 全局值 */
content: inherit;
content: initial;
content: revert;
content: revert-layer;
content: unset;

值

none

不会产生伪类元素

normal

:before 和 :after 伪类元素中会被视为 none

<string>

文本内容

<uri> url()

URI 值会指定一个外部资源（比如图片）。如果该资源或图片不能显示，它就会被忽略或显示一些占位（比如无图片标志）。

<counter>

计数器可以指定两种不同的函数：counter() 或 counters()。前面一个有两种形式：counter(name)或counter(name,style) 。产生的内容是该伪类元素指定名称的最小范围的计数；格式由 style 指定（默认是'decimal'——十进制数字）。后一个函数同样也有两种形式：counters(name,string) 或 counters(name,string,style) 。The generated text is the value of all counters with the given name in scope at this pseudo-element, from outermost to innermost separated by the specified string. The counters are rendered in the indicated style ('decimal' by default). See the section on automatic counters and numbering for more information. The name must not be 'none', 'inherit' or 'initial'. Such a name causes the declaration to be ignored.

attr(X)

将元素的 X 属性以字符串形式返回。如果该元素没有 X 属性，则返回一个空字符串。区分大小写的属性返回值依赖文挡的语言设定。

open-quote | close-quote

这些值会被 quotes 中定义的字符串替换。

no-open-quote | no-close-quote

不会生产任何内容，但是会改变（增加或降低）引号层级。

形式定义

初始值normal
适用元素All elements, tree-abiding pseudo-elements, and page margin boxes
是否是继承属性否
计算值On elements, always computes to normal. On ::before and ::after, if normal is specified, computes to none. Otherwise, for URI values, the absolute URI; for attr() values, the resulting string; for other keywords, as specified.
动画类型离散值

形式语法

content = 
  normal                                              |
  none                                                |
  [ <content-replacement> | <content-list> ] [ / [ <string> | <counter> | <attr()> ]+ ]?  |
  <element()>                                         

<content-replacement> = 
  <image>  

<content-list> = 
  [ <string> | <counter()> | <counters()> | <content()> | <attr()> ]+  

<counter> = 
  <counter()>   |
  <counters()>  

<attr()> = 
  attr( <attr-name> <attr-type>? , <declaration-value>? )  

<element()> = 
  element( <id-selector> )  

<image> = 
  <url>       |
  <gradient>  

<counter()> = 
  counter( <counter-name> , <counter-style>? )  

<counters()> = 
  counters( <counter-name> , <string> , <counter-style>? )  

<content()> = 
  content( [ text | before | after | first-letter | marker ]? )  

<attr-name> = 
  [ <ident-token> '|' ]? <ident-token>  

<attr-type> = 
  type( <syntax> )  |
  string            |
  <attr-unit>       

<id-selector> = 
  <hash-token>  

<url> = 
  <url()>  |
  <src()>  

<counter-style> = 
  <counter-style-name>  |
  <symbols()>           

<syntax> = 
  '*'                                                 |
  <syntax-component> [ <syntax-combinator> <syntax-component> ]*  |
  <syntax-string>                                     

<url()> = 
  url( <string> <url-modifier>* )  |
  <url-token>                      

<src()> = 
  src( <string> <url-modifier>* )  

<symbols()> = 
  symbols( <symbols-type>? [ <string> | <image> ]+ )  

<syntax-component> = 
  <syntax-single-component> <syntax-multiplier>?  |
  '<' transform-list '>'                          

<syntax-combinator> = 
  '|'  

<syntax-string> = 
  <string>  

<symbols-type> = 
  cyclic      |
  numeric     |
  alphabetic  |
  symbolic    |
  fixed       

<syntax-single-component> = 
  '<' <syntax-type-name> '>'  |
  <ident>                     

<syntax-multiplier> = 
  '#'  |
  '+'  

<syntax-type-name> = 
  angle               |
  color               |
  custom-ident        |
  image               |
  integer             |
  length              |
  length-percentage   |
  number              |
  percentage          |
  resolution          |
  string              |
  time                |
  url                 |
  transform-function

示例

标题和引号

HTML

html
<h1>5</h1>
<p>
  We shall start this with a quote from Sir Tim Berners-Lee,
  <q cite="http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/FAQ.html#Internet">
    I was lucky enough to invent the Web at the time when the Internet already
    existed - and had for a decade and a half.</q
  >
  We must understand that there is nothing fundamentally wrong with building on
  the contributions of others.
</p>

<h1>6</h1>
<p>
  Here we shall quote the Mozilla Manifesto,
  <q cite="http://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/manifesto/">
    Individuals must have the ability to shape the Internet and their own
    experiences on the Internet.</q
  >
  And so, we can infer that contributing to the open web, can protect our own
  individual experiences on it.
</p>

CSS

css
q {
  color: #00008b;
  font-style: italic;
}

q::before {
  content: open-quote;
}
q::after {
  content: close-quote;
}

h1::before {
  content: "Chapter ";
}

结果

HTML

html
<a href="http://www.mozilla.org/en-US/">Home Page</a>

CSS

css
a::before {
  content: url(http://www.mozilla.org/favicon.ico) " MOZILLA: ";
  font:
    x-small Arial,
    freeSans,
    sans-serif;
  color: gray;
}

结果

自定义列表后面加加文字

HTML

html
<div>
  <ul class="brightIdea">
    <li>This is my first idea</li>
    <li>and another good idea</li>
  </ul>
</div>

CSS

css
/* first import the icon from a suitable site */
@import url(http://weloveiconfonts.com/api/?family=entypo);

.brightIdea li::after {
  content: "\1f4a1";
  font-family: "entypo", sans-serif;
}

结果

class based example

HTML

html
<h2>Paperback best sellers</h2>
<ol>
  <li>Political thriller</li>
  <li class="newEntry">Halloween Stories</li>
  <li>My Biography</li>
  <li class="newEntry">Vampire Romance</li>
</ol>

CSS

css
/* use a class rather that an element selector to give more flexibility.
Simple string example, but don't forget add a leading space in the text string
for spacing purposes  */

.newEntry::after {
  content: " New!";
  color: red;
}

结果

HTML

html
<ul>
  <li><a id="moz" href="http://www.mozilla.org/"> Mozilla Home Page</a></li>
  <li>
    <a id="mdn" href="https://developer.mozilla.org/">
      Mozilla Developer Network</a
    >
  </li>
  <li><a id="w3c" href="http://www.w3c.org/"> World Wide Web Consortium</a></li>
</ul>

CSS

css
a {
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 3px dotted navy;
}

a::after {
  content: " (" attr(id) ")";
}

#moz::before {
  content: url(https://mozorg.cdn.mozilla.net/media/img/favicon.ico);
}

#mdn::before {
  content: url(mdn-favicon16.png);
}

li {
  margin: 1em;
}

结果

规范

Specification
CSS Generated Content Module Level 3
# content-property

浏览器兼容性

BCD tables only load in the browser

参见