pow()
Baseline 2023
Newly available
Since December 2023, this feature works across the latest devices and browser versions. This feature might not work in older devices or browsers.
The pow()
CSS function is an exponential function that returns the value of a base raised to the power of a number.
The exp()
function is a special case of pow()
where the value of the base is the mathematical constant e.
Syntax
css
/* A <number> value */
width: calc(10px * pow(5, 2)); /* 10px * 25 = 250px */
width: calc(10px * pow(5, 3)); /* 10px * 125 = 1250px */
width: calc(10px * pow(2, 10)); /* 10px * 1024 = 10240px */
Parameters
Return value
Returns a <number>
representing basenumber, that is, base
raised to the power of number
.
Formal syntax
<pow()> =
pow( <calc-sum> , <calc-sum> )
<calc-sum> =
<calc-product> [ [ '+' | '-' ] <calc-product> ]*
<calc-product> =
<calc-value> [ [ '*' | '/' ] <calc-value> ]*
<calc-value> =
<number> |
<dimension> |
<percentage> |
<calc-keyword> |
( <calc-sum> )
<calc-keyword> =
e |
pi |
infinity |
-infinity |
NaN
Examples
Scale headings by fixed ratio
The pow()
function can be useful for strategies like CSS Modular Scale, which relates all the font-sizes on a page to each other by a fixed ratio.
HTML
html
<h1>Heading 1</h1>
<h2>Heading 2</h2>
<h3>Heading 3</h3>
<h4>Heading 4</h4>
<h5>Heading 5</h5>
<h6>Heading 6</h6>
CSS
css
h1 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, 4));
}
h2 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, 3));
}
h3 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, 2));
}
h4 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, 1));
}
h5 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, 0));
}
h6 {
font-size: calc(1rem * pow(1.5, -1));
}
Result
Specifications
Specification |
---|
CSS Values and Units Module Level 4 # exponent-funcs |
Browser compatibility
BCD tables only load in the browser