transform

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since September 2015.

Resumo

A propriedade CSS transform permite modificar o espaço coordenado do modelo de formatação CSS. Usando-a, elementos podem ser traduzidos, rotacionados, ter seu tamanho ajustado e inclinados de acordo com os valores definidos.

Experimente

Se a propriedade tem um valor diferente de none, um contexto de empilhamento será criado. Neste caso, o objeto atuará como um bloco recipiente para position: fixed para os elementos que estão contidos.

Sintaxe

Gramática Formal: <transform-função> [<transform-função>]* | none
css
transform: none
transform: matrix(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0)
transform: translate(12px, 50%)
transform: translateX(2em)
transform: translateY(3in)
transform: scale(2, 0.5)
transform: scaleX(2)
transform: scaleY(0.5)
transform: rotate(0.5turn)
transform: skewX(30deg)
transform: skewY(1.07rad)
transform: matrix3d(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0, 12.0, 13.0, 14.0, 15.0, 16.0)
transform: translate3d(12px, 50%, 3em)
transform: translateZ(2px)
transform: scale3d(2.5, 1.2, 0.3)
transform: scaleZ(0.3)
transform: rotate3d(1, 2.0, 3.0, 10deg)
transform: rotateX(10deg)
transform: rotateY(10deg)
transform: rotateZ(10deg)
transform: perspective(17px)

transform: translateX(10px) rotate(10deg) translateY(5px)

A propriedade transform pode ser especificada com a palavra reservada none ou com uma das várias funções disponíveis.

Se perspective() é uma das múltiplas funções atribuídas à transform, então ela obrigatoriamente deve ser a primeira.

Valores

<transform-função>

Uma ou mais das funções CSS transform para serem aplicadas, veja abaixo.

none

Especifica que nenhuma função transform deve ser aplicada.

Exemplos

Veja Using CSS transforms.

Exemplo ao vivo

css
pre {
  width: 33em;
  border: solid red;

  -webkit-transform: translate(100px) rotate(20deg);
  -webkit-transform-origin: 60% 100%;

  -o-transform: translate(100px) rotate(20deg);
  -o-transform-origin: 60% 100%;

  transform: translate(100px) rotate(20deg);
  transform-origin: 60% 100%;
}

CSS transform functions

The transform CSS property allows the coordinate system used by an element to be manipulated using transform functions. These functions are described below.

matrix

transform:  matrix(a, c, b, d, tx, ty)

/* Where a, b, c, d build the transformation matrix
   ┌     ┐
   │ a b │
   │ c d │
   └     ┘
   and tx, ty are the translate values.  */

Specifies a 2D transformation matrix comprised of the specified six values. This is the equivalent to applying the transformation matrix [a b c d tx ty].

Nota: Gecko (Firefox) accepts a <length> value for tx and ty. Webkit (Safari, Chrome) and Opera currently support a unitless <number> for tx and ty.

Live examples

 background: gold;  width: 30em;

 -webkit-transform: matrix(1, -0.2, 0, 1, 0, 0);
      -o-transform: matrix(1, -0.2, 0, 1, 0, 0);
         transform: matrix(1, -0.2, 0, 1, 0, 0);

 background: wheat;
 max-width: intrinsic;

 -webkit-transform: matrix(1, 0, 0.6, 1,  250, 0);
      -o-transform: matrix(1, 0, 0.6, 1,  250, 0);
         transform: matrix(1, 0, 0.6, 1,  250, 0);


See also

rotate

transform:  rotate(angle);       /* an <angle>, e.g.  rotate(30deg) */

Rotates the element clockwise around its origin (as specified by the transform-origin property) by the specified angle. The operation corresponds to the matrix [cos(angle) sin(angle) -sin(angle) cos(angle) 0 0].

scale

transform:  scale(sx[, sy]);     /* one or two unitless <number>s, e.g.  scale(2.1,4) */

Specifies a 2D scaling operation described by [sx, sy]. If sy isn't specified, it is assumed to be equal to sx.

scaleX

transform:  scaleX(sx);          /* a unitless <number>, e.g.  scaleX(2.7) */

Specifies a scale operation using the vector [sx, 1].

scaleY

transform:  scaleY(sy)           /* a unitless <number>, e.g.  scaleY(0.3) */

Specifies a scale operation using the vector [1, sy].

skew

Non-standard: This feature is non-standard and is not on a standards track. Do not use it on production sites facing the Web: it will not work for every user. There may also be large incompatibilities between implementations and the behavior may change in the future.

transform:  skew(ax[, ay])       /* one or two <angle>s, e.g.  skew(30deg,-10deg) */

Skews the element around the X and Y axes by the specified angles. If ay isn't provided, no skew is performed on the Y axis.

Nota: The skew() function was present in early drafts. It has been removed but is still present in some implementations. Do not use it.

To achieve the same effect, use skewX() if you were using skew() with one parameter or matrix(1, tan(ax), tan(ay), 1, 0, 0) for the general way. Note that tan() isn't a CSS function and you have to precalculate it yourself.

skewX

transform:  skewX(angle)         /* an <angle>, e.g.  skewX(-30deg) */

Skews the element around the X axis by the given angle.

skewY

transform:  skewY(angle)         /* an <angle>, e.g.  skewY(4deg) */

Skews the element around the Y axis by the given angle.

translate

transform:  translate(tx[, ty])  /* one or two <length> values */

Specifies a 2D translation by the vector [tx, ty]. If ty isn't specified, its value is assumed to be zero.

translateX

transform:  translateX(tx)       /* see <length> for possible values */

Translates the element by the given amount along the X axis.

translateY

transform:  translateY(ty)       /* see <length> for possible values */

Translates the element by the given amount along the Y axis.

Specifications

Specification
CSS Transforms Module Level 2
# transform-functions
CSS Transforms Module Level 1
# transform-property

Compatibilidade com navegadores

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See also